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Friday, March 25, 2011

An ascending, then descending sum

While tutoring lower secondary olympiad maths, my student and I encountered an interesting sum


The numbers start from 1 and go up to a maximum value k, and then go down back to 1. If one knows summation formulas, there is no problem with evaluating this sum.  The answer is k2.

Using 1+2+...+k=k(k+1)2 (provable using Gauss' trick), we can proceed as follows:-
   1+2+...+(k-1)+k+(k-1)+...+2+1
= [1+2+...+k]+[(k-1)+ 
= (k-1)k2+k(k+1)2  = (k-1+k+1)k2
= (2k)k2  = k2

Straightforward exercise for the left-brain, especially for older kids in Junior College.  But ... where is the insight?  Thanks to Descartes, Mathematics is as much a right-brained activity as a left-brained one.


Then my right brain had an epiphany ("ting!" with flashing lightbulbs).  I realised that there is a way to visualise this fact and got the "Hey!  I never looked at it this way" kind of feeling.


Challenge to the reader: Is there a way to visualise this sum?  Can you do a "Proof without words"?

Think.  Then refer to here.

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